A noun is a word used to name a person, animal, place, thing, and abstract idea. Nouns are usually the first words which small children learn. A noun can function in a sentence as a subject, a direct object, an indirect object, a subject complement, an object complement, an appositive, an adjective or an adverb.
Nouns can be further classified as countable nouns (which name everything that can be counted (four books, two continents, a few dishes, a dozen buildings), mass nouns or non-countable nouns) (which name everything that can't be counted (water, air, energy, blood)), and collective nouns (which can take a singular form but are composed of more than one individual person or items (jury, team, class, committee, herd)).
Below are given several brief facts about the use of singuar and plural nouns in English:
Generally, countable nouns have characteristic of being able to be preceded by a/an article in their singular forms and be ended with -s/-es in their plural forms. In the contrary, such rule is not applicable to the uncountable nouns. Most of uncountable nouns include abstract noun which simply has no physical form, untouchable, and apparently, uncountable.Some of the uncountable nouns are stated below:
1. mass/collective noun;
(baggage, clothing, equipment, food, fruit, furniture, garbage, hardware, jewelry, junk, luggage, machinery, mail, makeup, money/cash/change, postage, scenery, traffic)
2. fluid;
(water, coffee, tea, milk, oil, soup, gasoline, blood)
3. solid things;
(ice, bread, butter, cheese, meat, gold, iron, silver, glass, paper, wood, cotton, wool)
4. gas;
(steam, air, oxygen, nitrogen, smoke, smog, pollution)
5. particle;
(rice, chalk, corn, dirt, dust, flour, grass, hair, pepper, salt, sand, sugar, wheat)
6. abstract noun;
(beauty, confidence, courage, education, enjoyment, fun, happiness, health, help, honesty, hospitality, importance, intelligence, justice, knowledge, laughter, luck, music, patience, peace, pride, progress, recreation, significance, sleep, truth, violence, wealth, advice, information, news, evidence, proof, time, space, energy, homework, work, grammar, slang, vocabulary)
7. language;
(Arabic, Chinese, English, Spanish)
8. academic subject;
(chemistry, engineering, history, literature, mathematics, psychology)
9. recreation;
(baseball, soccer, tennis, chess, bridge, poker)
10. some activities;
(driving, st
11. natural phenomena
(weather, dew, fog, hail, heat, humidity, lightning, rain, sleet, snow, thunder, wind, darkness, light, sunshine, electricity, fire, gravity)
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